The differential impact of a 6-versus 12-month pharmacist-led interprofessional medication adherence program on medication adherence in patients with diabetic kidney disease: the randomized PANDIA-IRIS study.

Background: For every 100 patients with diabetes, 40 will develop diabetic kidney disease (DKD) over time. This diabetes complication may be partly due to poor adherence to their prescribed medications. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the differential impact of a 6- versus 12-month pharmacist-led interprofessional medication adherence program (IMAP) on the components of adherence (i.e., implementation and discontinuation) in patients with DKD, during and after the intervention. Methods: All included patients benefited from the IMAP, which consists in face-to-face regular motivational interviews between the patient and the pharmacist based on the adherence feedback from electronic monitors (EMs), in which the prescribed treatments were delivered. Adherence reports were available to prescribers during the intervention period. Patients were randomized 1:1 into two parallel arms: a 12-month IMAP intervention in group A versus a 6-month intervention in group B. Adherence was monitored continuously for 24 months post-inclusion during the consecutive intervention and follow-up phases. In the follow-up phase post-intervention, EM data were blinded. Blood pressure was measured by the pharmacist at each visit. The repeated measures of daily patient medication intake outcomes (1/0) to antidiabetics, antihypertensive drugs, and statins were modeled longitudinally using the generalized estimated equation in both groups and in both the intervention and the follow-up phases. Results: EM data of 72 patients were analyzed (34 in group A and 38 in group B). Patient implementation to antidiabetics and antihypertensive drugs increased during the IMAP intervention phase and decreased progressively during the follow-up period. At 12 months, implementation to antidiabetics was statistically higher in group A versus group B (93.8% versus 86.8%; Δ 7.0%, 95% CI: 5.7%; 8.3%); implementation to antihypertensive drugs was also higher in group A versus B (97.9% versus 92.1%; Δ 5.8%, 95% CI: 4.8%; 6.7%). At 24 months, implementation to antidiabetics and antihypertensive drugs remained higher in group A versus B (for antidiabetics: 88.6% versus 85.6%; Δ 3.0%, 95% CI: 1.7%; 4.4% and for antihypertensive drugs: 94.4% versus 85.9%; Δ 8.5%, 95% CI: 6.6%; 10.7%). No difference in pharmacy-based blood pressure was observed between groups. Implementation to statins was comparable at each time point between groups. Three patients discontinued at least one treatment; they were all in group B. In total, 46% (16/35) of patients in the 12-month intervention versus 37% (14/38) of patients in the 6-month intervention left the study during the intervention phase, mainly due to personal reasons. Conclusion: The IMAP improves adherence to chronic medications in patients with DKD. The longer the patients benefit from the intervention, the more the implementation increases over time, and the more the effect lasts after the end of the intervention. These data suggest that a 12-month rather than a 6-month program should be provided as a standard of care to support medication adherence in this population. The impact on clinical outcomes needs to be demonstrated. Clinical Trial Registration: Clinicaltrials.gov, identifier NCT04190251_PANDIA IRIS.

[Monitoring of emergency cardiovascular patients in the emergency department : Consensus paper of the DGK, DGINA and DGIIN]. / Monitoring kardiovaskulärer Notfallpatienten in der Notaufnahme : Konsensuspapier der DGK, DGINA und DGIIN.

Patients with potential or proven cardiovascular diseases represent a relevant proportion of the total spectrum in the emergency department. Their monitoring for cardiovascular surveillance until the diagnostics and acute treatment are initiated, often poses an interdisciplinary and interprofessional challenge, because resources are limited, nevertheless a high level of patient safety has to be ensured and the correct procedure has a major prognostic significance. This consensus paper provides an overview of the practical implementation, the modalities of monitoring and the application in a selection of cardiovascular diagnoses. The article provides specific comments on the clinical presentations of acute coronary syndrome, acute heart failure, cardiogenic shock, hypertensive emergency events, syncope, acute pulmonary embolism and cardiac arrhythmia. The level of evidence is generally low as no randomized trials are available on this topic. The recommendations are intended to supplement or establish local standards and to assist all physicians, nursing personnel and the patients to be treated in making decisions about monitoring in the emergency department.

[The evolution of nursing education in France]. / Les évolutions de la formation infirmière en France.

Changes in nursing education are closely linked to changes in the health care system. The nursing profession must indeed continue to occupy a pivotal position within the health system and its representatives must be able to continue their studies to complement their nursing skills with other disciplines. This will require the issuance of a "real" nursing degree by the university and the updating of the students' referential, so that it is consistent with the development of the profession and the work in interprofessionality.

Telemedical Consultations in Palliative Care: Benefits through Knowledge Exchange and Intercollegiate Collaboration-Findings from the German oVID Project.

(1) Background: As the number of people receiving specialized palliative care (PC) continues to rise, there is a need to ensure the transfer of this expertise from university-based PC departments to primary care hospitals without such in-house access. The present study examines the potential of telemedicine to bridge these gaps. (2) Methods: This is a prospective multi-center feasibility trial. All physicians were appropriately pre-equipped and instructed to conduct telemedical consultations (TCs), which took place within fixed meetings or on-call appointments either related or unrelated to individual patients (allowing TCs also for educational and knowledge exchange purposes). (3) Results: An inquiry for participation was submitted to 11 hospitals, with 5 external hospitals actively cooperating. In the first study section, a total of 57 patient cases were included within 95 patient-related TCs during 80 meetings. Other university disciplines were involved in 21 meetings (26.2%). Therapy adjustments resulted following 25 of 71 affected TCs (35.2%). In 20 cases (21.1%), an on-site consultation at the university hospital was avoided, and in 12 cases (12.6%), a transfer was avoided. Overall, TCs were considered helpful in resolving issues for 97.9% of the cases (n = 93). Yet, technical problems arose in about one-third of all meetings for at least one physician (36.2%; n = 29). Besides, in the second study section, we also conducted 43 meetings between physicians for education and knowledge exchange only. (4) Conclusions: Telemedicine has the potential to transfer university expertise to external hospitals through simple means. It improves collaboration among physicians, may prevent unnecessary transfers or outpatient presentations, and is thus likely to lower costs.

Adherence to the CDK 4/6 Inhibitor Palbociclib and Omission of Dose Management Supported by Pharmacometric Modelling as Part of the OpTAT Study.

The cyclin-dependent kinase 4/6 inhibitor (CDK4/6i) palbociclib is administered orally and cyclically, causing medication adherence challenges. We evaluated components of adherence to palbociclib, its relationship with pharmacokinetics (PK), and drug-induced neutropenia. Patients with metastatic breast cancer (MBC) receiving palbociclib, delivered in electronic monitors (EM), were randomized 1:1 to an intervention and a control group. The intervention was a 12-month interprofessional medication adherence program (IMAP) along with monthly motivational interviews by a pharmacist. Implementation adherence was compared between groups using generalized estimating equation models, in which covariates were included. Model-based palbociclib PK and neutrophil profiles were simulated under real-life implementation scenarios: (1) optimal, (2) 2 doses omitted and caught up at cycle end. At 6 months, implementation was slightly higher and more stable in the intervention (n = 19) than in the control (n = 19) group, 99.2% and 97.3% (Δ1.95%, 95% CI 1.1−2.9%), respectively. The impact of the intervention was larger in patients diagnosed with MBC for >2 years (Δ3.6%, 95% CI 2.1−5.4%), patients who received >4 cycles before inclusion (Δ3.1%, 95% CI 1.7−4.8%) and patients >65 (Δ2.3%, 95% CI 0.8−3.6%). Simulations showed that 25% of patients had neutropenia grade ≥3 during the next cycle in scenario 1 versus 30% in scenario 2. Education and monitoring of patient CDK4/6i cycle management and adherence along with therapeutic drug monitoring can help clinicians improve prescription and decrease toxicity.

Which learning experiences support an interprofessional identity? A scoping review.

In recent years, health professions researchers have suggested that a dual identity that includes both a professional and interprofessional identity is essential to interprofessionality. This scoping review sought to describe the learning experiences that may support the development of an interprofessional identity, providing direction for future research. A scoping review was conducted to identify papers published between 2000 and 2020 that provided empiric evidence to support the impact of planned or spontaneous learning experiences involving two or more healthcare professions that fostered the development of an "interprofessional identity," or a sense of belonging to an interprofessional community. Twelve papers were identified for inclusion. Articles varied regarding both the professional groups studied and the developmental levels of their participants. A wide variety of learning experiences were described in the identified studies, including designed activities and programs, as well as those occurring spontaneously in authentic clinical environments. Examples of longitudinal and integrated programs were also identified. The construct of an interprofessional identity and its potential impact on interprofessional practice has yet to be sufficiently studied. The results of this scoping review suggest that a variety of experiences that occur throughout the professional development trajectory may foster an interprofessional identity. Longitudinal, integrated interprofessional learning programs may result in a more long-lasting impact on interprofessional identity and these types of programs should be the focus of future research.

Educação interprofissional nas práticas de integração ensino-serviço-comunidade: perspectivas de docentes da área de saúde / La educación interprofesional en prácticas de integración educación-servicio-comunidad: perspectivas de docentes del área de la salud / Interprofessional education in teaching-service-community integration practices: perspectives of professors in the health area

Resumo Objetivo conhecer os desafios da educação interprofissional nas práticas de integração ensino- serviço-comunidade na perspectiva de docentes da área da saúde. Método estudo exploratório descritivo com abordagem qualitativa. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre setembro e dezembro de 2021, em uma Instituição de Ensino Superior da região central do Rio Grande do Sul. Os participantes da pesquisa foram onze docentes coordenadores de estágios no âmbito da saúde coletiva. Os dados foram submetidos à Análise Textual Discursiva. Resultados os dados apontaram como principais desafios os escassos momentos de integração, o espaço físico restrito nos serviços, a resistência de alguns profissionais em trabalhar em equipe e os horários das práticas acadêmicas. Por outro lado, os programas indutores da formação para o Sistema Único de Saúde e a existência de um grupo colegiado de Saúde Coletiva, se mostraram como estratégias de fomento à educação interprofissional. Conclusão conclui-se que a educação interprofissional ainda enfrenta entraves para o seu fortalecimento, contudo, já existem iniciativas que demonstram potencial para a integração ensino-serviço-comunidade. Implicações para a prática o estudo pode contribuir para a identificação dos desafios da educação interprofissional e, assim viabilizar estratégias no contexto da formação e do trabalho em saúde, na perspectiva interprofissional.

Resumen Objetivo conocer los desafíos de la formación interprofesional en las prácticas de integración enseñanza-servicio-comunidad desde la perspectiva de los profesores del área de la salud. Método estudio descriptivo y exploratorio con enfoque cualitativo. La recolección de datos ocurrió entre septiembre y diciembre de 2021, en una Institución de Educación Superior en la región central de Rio Grande do Sul. Los participantes de la investigación fueron once profesores que coordinan pasantías en el ámbito de la salud pública. Los datos fueron sometidos a Análisis Textual Discursivo. Resultados los datos indicaron que los principales desafíos fueron los escasos momentos de integración, el restringido espacio físico en los servicios, la resistencia de algunos profesionales a trabajar en equipo y los horarios de las prácticas académicas. Por otro lado, los programas que inducen la formación para el Sistema Único de Salud y la existencia de un grupo colegiado de Salud Colectiva demostraron ser estrategias para promover la educación interprofesional. Conclusión se concluye que aún hay obstáculos que impiden el fortalecimiento de la educación interprofesional, aunque ya existen iniciativas que demuestran potencial para la integración enseñanza-servicio-comunidad. Implicaciones para la práctica el estudio puede contribuir a identificar los desafíos de la educación interprofesional y, de esta manera, viabilizar estrategias en el contexto de la formación y el trabajo en salud, desde una perspectiva interprofesional.

Abstract Objective to know the challenges inherent to interprofessional education in teaching-service-community integration practices from the perspective of professors in the health area. Method a descriptive and exploratory study with a qualitative approach. Data collection took place between September and December 2021, in a Higher Education Institution from the central region of Rio Grande do Sul. The research participants were eleven professors who coordinate internships in the Collective Health scope. The data were submitted to Discursive Textual Analysis. Results as main challenges, the data pointed out the scarce integration moments, the restricted physical space in the services, some professionals' resistance to work in teams and the schedules of the academic practices. On the other hand, the programs that induce training for the Unified Health System and the existence of a Collective Health collegiate group proved to be strategies to promote interprofessional education. Conclusion it is concluded that interprofessional education still faces obstacles to its strengthening; however, there are already initiatives that demonstrate potential for teaching-service-community integration. Implications for the practice the study can contribute to identifying the challenges inherent to interprofessional education and, thus, enabling strategies in the context of training and work in health, from an interprofessional perspective.

Tecendo saberes: vivências interprofissionais na formação / Weaving Knowledge: Interprofessional Experiences in Education / Tejiendo Saberes: Vivencias Interprofesionales en la Formación

Objetivo: relatar a experiência do Grupo Tutorial III, no âmbito da gestão dos serviços, no que tange a interprofissionalidade e de como essa vivência pode contribuir para a tríade ensino-serviço-comunidade. Método: Trata-se de um relato de experiência, desenvolvido na Policlínica do George Américo e no Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas (CEO) Célia Pamponet, ao longo de doze meses, por bolsistas, preceptores e tutores, integrantes de um projeto de extensão desenvolvido pela Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana. Resultados: Foi realizado um diagnóstico situacional das unidades que possibilitou intervenções como: oficinas para discussão de processos de trabalho, atuação com os diversos profissionais que compõem o quadro de servidores da Policlínica e CEO e montagem de melhorias operacionais em ambas unidades. Conclusão: Através das atividades desenvolvidas, o PET-Saúde contribuiu com a formação interprofissional de estudantes de saúde da Universidade Estadual de Feira de Santana, capacitando-os para enfrentar os desafios do SUS e fornecer uma assistência de qualidade

Objective: Reporting the experience of Tutorial Group III, in the scope of service management, regarding interprofessionalism and how this experience can contribute to the teaching-service-community triad. Method: This is an experience report, developed at Polyclínica do George Américo and at Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas (CEO) Célia Pamponet, over twelve months, by scholarship holders, preceptors and tutors, members of an extension project developed by State University of Feira de Santana. Results: a situational diagnosis of the units was carried out, which enabled interventions such as: workshops for the discussion of work processes, collaboration with the various professionals who make up the staff of the Polyclinic and CEO, and implementation of operational improvements in both units. Conclusion: Through the activities carried out, PET-Saúde contributed to the interprofessional training of health students at the State University of Feira de Santana, enabling them to face the challenges of the SUS and provide quality care.

Objetivo: Informar la experiencia del Grupo Tutorial III, en el ámbito de la gestión de servicios, en lo que respecta a la interprofesionalidad y cómo esta vivencia puede contribuir a la tríada enseñanza-servicio-comunidad. Método: Se trata de un relato de experiencia, desarrollado en la Policlínica do George Américo y en el Centro de Especialidades Odontológicas (CEO) Célia Pamponet, en un período de doce meses, por becarios, preceptores y tutores, integrantes de un proyecto de extensión desarrollado por la Universidad del Estado de Feria de Santana. Resultados: Se realizó un diagnóstico situacional de las unidades que permitió intervenciones como: talleres para discutir los procesos de trabajo, colaboración con los diversos profesionales que conforman el equipo de la Policlínica y el CEO, y implementación de mejoras operativas en ambas unidades. Conclusión: A través de las actividades realizadas, el PET-Saúde contribuyó para la formación interprofesional de los estudiantes de salud de la Universidad Estadual de Feira de Santana, capacitándonos para enfrentar los desafíos del SUS y brindar una atención de calidad.

Interprofessional education day 2019 - a qualitative participant evaluation.

Objective: Interprofessional education (IPE) is when two or more students from different professions learn with, from, and about each other to improve collaboration and quality of healthcare. In October 2019, a first interprofessional education (IPE) day was held in the canton of Zurich with the aim of teaching interprofessional skills to participating students. Methodology: The IPE day was developed by an interprofessional team of students. After a short introduction, the roles and tasks of the professional groups involved were discussed. This was followed by two case studies with simulation persons and reflection rounds. For the evaluation of the day, 15 semi-structured interviews with students and lecturers were conducted and qualitatively evaluated by means of thematic analysis. Results: The students and lecturers had a very positive experience of the IPE day. Especially the participation of medical and pharmacy students, the practical case studies with simulation persons and the informal exchange during the breaks were appreciated. There was room for improvement in the development of role models. Through an open attitude and good communication, the students learned to know and appreciate the competencies of the other professional groups. All those interviewed wished for more interprofessional teaching opportunities and the students felt encouraged to apply what they had learned in their later professional practice. Conclusion: The IPE day could be carried out successfully and the didactic concept worked largely well. The evaluation provided subjective evidence that the students were able to improve the interprofessional competencies of teamwork, communication, openness, appreciation and reflectiveness. In the future, the IPE day should be anchored in the curricula.

[The advanced practice nurse as a health care influencer]. / L'infirmière en pratique avancée, une personne d'influence dans le domaine de la santé.

The skills that advanced practice nurses use with patients, health care professionals and within the health care system enable them to exercise real leadership. The use of conceptual models and theories in nursing, tools for tracking and valuing clinical judgment, and nursing diagnoses and other concepts are essential to guaranteeing their disciplinary identity and ensuring interprofessional collaboration.

Paramedics in Switzerland: A Mature Profession.

This paper describes how the profession of paramedics has evolved in Switzerland and takes the perspective of public health. Ambulance drivers play an important role in the health system, not only as a response to emergencies, but also by working in an interprofessional and interdisciplinary manner in response to other public health needs, such as home care, triage, telemedicine and interhospital transfers. This pre-hospital system is rapidly evolving and relies on the work of paramedics.

[Access to care service, a new city-hospital partnership]. / Le service d'accès aux soins, un nouveau partenariat ville-hôpital.

The access to care service is a joint regulation of calls to the Centre 15 and to the 116 117. The objective is to make the care pathway more fluid and to improve the orientation of the user through the collaboration of hospital and city health professionals to take care of emergencies and requests for unscheduled care.

Educação permanente na atenção secundária: elaboração de protocolo de atendimento de urgência / Permanent education in secondary care: elaboration of an emergency care protocol

Os centros de especialidades, não somente médicas, são apontados como fundamentais na retaguarda à Atenção Primária e desempenham importante papel em Redes Regionalizadas de Saúde, não só no Brasil, sendo representado pela Atenção Secundária. O processo de trabalho no SUS, para ser constituído de forma a permitir a melhor interação interprofissional, requer o exercício cotidiano da Educação Permanente em nossas Unidades de Saúde. Objetivo geral: Elaborar um procedimento operacional padrão para a organização do processo de trabalho comum grupo de funcionários que atua direta e indiretamente no ambulatório de cardiologia da atenção secundária de um município de médio porte da região serrana do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Objetivos especificos: 1.Identificar os entraves encontrados pelos trabalhadores do ambulatório de atenção secundária para o atendimento ao paciente com diminuição do nível de consciência. 2.Descrever as dificuldades no processo de trabalho quanto à necessidade da implementação da Educação Permanente 3.Propor estratégias que poderão ser vivenciadas e experimentadas através da Educação Permanente, para a solução ou enfrentamento desses entraves. Método: Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa,tendo como referencial político-pedagógico a Política Nacional de Educação Permanente. O tipo de pesquisa é a análise intencional de pesquisa-ação de Thiollent (1997), referencial teórico, sendo utilizado como referencial filosófico, o educador Paulo Freire. A técnica e instrumento para coleta e análise de dados mediante grupo focal e/ou Questionário Semiestruturado, sob análise temática em Bardin e Turato (2011). O projeto foi aprovado pelo Comitê de Ética em Pesquisa da Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade Federal Fluminense sob nº 4.428.883Resultados: Os resultados apontam para melhorias no processo de trabalho cotidiano, calcado em premissas da Educação Permanente como uma prática transformadora. Propõe uma reflexão sobre a prática individual do profissional e, mais do que sua interação multiprofissional no processo de trabalho, apresenta uma experiência positiva originada da atuação em processo de Educação Permanente na Atenção Secundária da região serrana do estado do Rio de Janeiro. Conclusão: Esse estudo trouxe contribuições significativas para a prática, mediante elaboração de um protocolo de atendimento a pacientes com nível de consciência reduzido, em Posto de Saúde da Atenção Secundária, adequado à realidade local, produto da demanda do grupo de trabalho.

Specialty centers, not only medical, are seen as fundamental in the rear of Primary Care, and play an important role in Regionalized Health Networks, not only in Brazil, being represented by Secondary Care. The work process in the SUS, to be constituted in a way that allows the best interprofessional interaction, requires the daily exercise of Continuing Education in our Health Units. General objective: To develop a standard operating procedure for the organization of the work process with a group of employees who work directly and indirectly in the secondary care cardiology outpatient clinic of a medium-sized city in the mountainous region of the state of Rio de Janeiro. Specific Objectives: 1. Identify the obstacles encountered by workers at the secondary care clinic for patient care with a decreased level of consciousness. 2.Describe the difficulties in the work process regarding the need to implement Continuing Education. 3.Propose strategies that can be experienced and tried out, through Continuing Education, for the solution or confrontation of these obstacles. Method: This is a qualitative research, using the National Policy for Continuing Education as a political-pedagogical framework. The type of research is the intentional analysis of action research by Thiollent (1997), theoretical framework, being used as a philosophical framework, the educator Paulo Freire. The technique and instrument for data collection and analysis through focus group and/or Semi-structured Questionnaire, under thematic analysis in Bardin and Turato (2011). The project was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Faculty of Medicine of Universidade Federal Fluminense under nº 4.428.883Results: The results point to improvements in the daily work process, based on premises of Continuing Education as a transforming practice. It proposes a reflection on the professional's individual practice, and more than its multidisciplinary interaction in the work process, it presents a positive experience originating from the performance in the Permanent Education process in Secondary Care in the mountainous region of the state of Rio de Janeiro. Conclusion: This study brought significant contributions to the practice, through the elaboration of a care protocol for patients with reduced level of consciousness, in a Secondary Care Health Center, adequate to the local reality, product of the demand of the work group.

[Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Therapy of Psychotic Disorders in the Elderly]. / Empfehlungen für die Diagnostik und Therapie psychotischer Erkrankungen im Alter.

Recommendations for the Diagnosis and Therapy of Psychotic Disorders in the Elderly Abstract. Psychotic disorders in the elderly cover a wide range of causes and manifestations. They often occur as part of a depression, dementia, substance abuse or delirium. While psychosis can occur with a first manifestation in advanced age, many patients with chronic psychotic disorders reach a high age. Many elderly individuals are also affected by cognitive impairment and somatic conditions, making a third-party history most relevant. The associated changes in life and the complexity of the individual situation needs to be integrated into the diagnosis and treatment. The presented recommendations have been developed under the lead of the Swiss Society of Old Age Psychiatry (SGAP) in collaboration with the Swiss Association of Nurses (SBK) and the subcommittees for gerontological and psychiatric nursing of the association of nursing science (VFP) as well as further professional societies. We aim to make current knowledge concerning diagnosis and treatment available to the interprofessional teams working in in- and outpatients' settings.

Using simulation mannequins and actors in training for external post-mortem examinations -experiences from use in medical students and police officers.

In the daily practice of external post-mortem examinations and dealing with surviving dependents, striking failures can be observed regularly, pointing to an increased demand for training of the various professional groups involved. In this study, the experience gained from using simulation mannequins and actors for post-mortem examination training in medical students and police officers are presented. Since 2017, a training station has been offered at the Medical Faculty of the Technical University of Dresden (Germany) for practicing examinations in death scene and establishing communication with grieving relatives. It is conducted in small groups of up to 5 people, both for medical students and for police officers and police recruits. These courses are evaluated by means of questionnaires including 3 and 11 items respectively for the different groups. The questionnaires have been completed by 679 medical students and 67 police participants. Both groups of participants evaluated their previous experience as average. They assessed the course as having a high degree of practical and professional relevance. The didactic transfer of the teaching contents and its competent support were rated remarkably positive by the participants. Additionally, the police group reported high rates of approval for the use of feedback, the learning effect, and the appropriateness of the group size. The establishment and continuation of the simulation-based external post-mortem examination in the form of small-group teaching is associated with a considerable expenditure of equipment, material and personnel. In addition, its implementation requires sound cooperation structures. On the other hand, introduction and continuation of these types of additional teaching and learning methods, with a large practical component, can increase confidence in daily practice, and thus improve the quality of external post-mortem examination. Ultimately, this can also improve the cooperation between forensic medicine and the investigating authorities.

O PET-Saúde Interprofissionalidade e as ações em tempos de pandemia: perspectivas docentes / El PET-Saúde Interprofesionalidad y las acciones en tiempos de pandemia: perspectivas docentes / PET-Health Interprofessionality and actions in times of pandemic: teachers' perspectives

O Programa de Educação pelo Trabalho para Saúde (PET-Saúde) é uma política indutora que fomenta o aprendizado por vivências problematizadoras nos locais de trabalho em saúde com foco na interprofissionalidade. O objetivo do presente trabalho foi relatar a experiência do PET-Saúde Interprofissionalidade durante a pandemia de Covid-19, na perspectiva docente. Desenvolver o PET-Saúde com estudantes, preceptores, equipes dos serviços e usuários demandou (re)descobrir possibilidades das tecnologias de informação e comunicação e o aprendizado da produção de "novas presenças" sem desistir da ação coletiva, participativa e composta pelos diferentes saberes. Apreendeu-se o desenvolvimento de competências como escuta qualificada para resolução de conflitos, comunicação interprofissional e liderança colaborativa. Este PET-Saúde mostrou-se um disparador na formação em saúde, conectando universidade, rede de saúde e comunidade; e contribuindo para o desenvolvimento de competências colaborativas e um espaço de acolhimento para as situações vivenciadas.(AU)

El Programa de Educación por el Trabajo para Salud (PET-Saúde) es una política inductora que fomenta el aprendizaje por vivencias problematizadoras en los locales de trabajo en salud con enfoque en la Interprofesionalidad. El objetivo fue relatar la experiencia del PET-Saúde Interprofesionalidad durante la pandemia de Covid-19, desde la perspectiva docente. Desarrollar el PET-Saúde con estudiantes, preceptores, equipos de los servicios y usuarios demandó (re)descubrir posibilidades de las tecnologías de información y comunicación, aprendiendo a producir "nuevas presencias", sin desistir de la acción colectiva, participativa, compuesta por los diferentes saberes. Se aprendió a desarrollar competencias tales como escuchar de forma calificada para la resolución de conflictos, la comunicación interprofesional y el liderazgo colaborativo. Este PET-Saúde se mostró un gatillo en la formación en salud, conectando universidad, red de salud y comunidad, contribuyendo al desarrollo de competencias colaborativas y un espacio de acogida para las situaciones vividas.(AU)

The Program 'Education through Work for Health' (PET-Health) is a nudging policy that provides learning through problematizing experiences in health workplaces, with a focus on interprofessionality. The aim was to report the experience of PET-Health Interprofessionality during the Covid-19 pandemic, from the teachers' perspective. The development of PET-Health with students, tutors, teams from the health system and users demanded, (re) discovering possibilities of information and communication technologies, learning to produce "new presences", without giving up the collective, participatory action, composed by different knowledge. There was learning of development of skills such as qualified listening for conflict resolution, interprofessional communication and collaborative leadership. This PET-Health proved to be a triggering event towards health education, connecting university, health network and community, and contributed to the development of collaborative skills and constituted a welcoming space for the situations experienced.(AU)

An Adherence-Enhancing Program Increases Retention in Care in the Swiss HIV Cohort.

BACKGROUND: This study tested a theory-based adherence-enhancing intervention: the "Interprofessional Medication Adherence Program" (IMAP) to increase human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) retention in care. METHODS: We retrospectively compared our intervention center (intervention group [IG]) with a standard of care center (control group [CG]) both participating in the Swiss HIV Cohort Study between 2004 and 2012. Endpoints were defined as >6-month and >12-month gaps in care for intervals of care longer than 6 and 12 months without any blood draw. Inverse probability of treatment weights was used to adjust for differences between patients at the 2 centers. Viral failure was defined as ribonucleic acid ≥50 copies/mL after 24+ weeks on antiretrovirals. RESULTS: The IG included 451 patients, CG 311. In the IG, 179 (40%) patients took part in the IMAP for a median of 27 months (interquartile range, 12-45). Gaps in care of ≥6 months were significantly more likely to happen in the CG versus IG (74.6% vs 57%, P < .001). The median time until the first treatment gap was longer in the IG vs CG (120 vs 84 weeks, P < .001). Gaps in care of ≥12 months evaluated in 709 (93%) patients were significantly more likely to occur in the CG compared with the IG (22.6% vs 12.5%, P < .001). The rate of viral failure was significantly lower in the IG (8.3% vs 15.1%, P = .003). CONCLUSIONS: This study, in a real-world setting, shows the effectiveness of the IMAP to reduce 6- and 12-month gaps in follow up among people with HIV. These results should be confirmed by studies in other settings.

Um olhar psicanalítico sobre crianças e adolescentes com diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 e seus familiares / A psychoanalytic approch at children and adolescents with diabetes Mellitus type 1 and its family / Una mirada psicanalítica sobre niños y adolescentes con diabetes Mellitus tipo 1 y sus familiares

Este estudo objetivou compreender os aspectos emocionais de crianças e adolescentes com diabetes tipo 1 (DM1) e seus familiares sob um olhar psicanalítico. Trata-se de um estudo qualitativo realizado por meio de entrevistas semiestruturadas com núcleos familiares de crianças e adolescentes com DM1. Os dados foram analisados de acordo com a análise de conteúdo, elegendo-se três categorias: diagnóstico, atendimento e tratamento. As crianças e adolescentes demonstraram sofrimento psíquico relacionado ao diagnóstico e internação hospitalar, com vivências de luto, sentimentos de desintegração e desproteção. Também denotaram sofrimento associado à restrição alimentar e aplicação da insulina. Continuidade do cuidado e disponibilidade dos membros da equipe interprofissional de saúde refletiram positivamente sobre o sentimento de segurança tanto dos familiares quanto das crianças e dos adolescentes. Na perspectiva da psicanálise, os aspectos emocionais observados nos núcleos familiares de crianças e adolescentes com DM1 afetaram sua condição de saúde, interferindo na aceitação, adesão e controle da doença.

This study aimed to comprehend emotional aspects of children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes (DM1) and their relatives in a psychoanalytic approach. This is a qualitative study carried out through semi-structured interviews with families of children and adolescents with DM1. Data were analyzed according to content analysis on which three categorie were identified: diagnosis, care and treatment. Children and adolescents demonstrated psychic suffering during diagnosis and hospitalization, with experiences of mourning, feelings of disintegration and lack of protection. They also denoted suffering associated with dietary restriction and insulin application. Continuity of care and availability of health interprofessional teamwork reflected positively on the feelings of safety of families, childrens and adolescents. In a psychoanalysis perspective, emotional aspects observed in families of children and adolescents with DM1 affected their health condition, interfering in acceptance, adhesion and control of the disease.

Este estudio objetivó comprender los aspectos emocionales de niños y adolescentes con diabetes tipo 1 (DM1) y sus familiares bajo una mirada psicoanalítica. Se trata de un estudio cualitativo realizado por medio de entrevistas semiestructuradas con núcleos familiares de niños y adolescentes con DM1. Los datos fueron analizados de acuerdo con el análisis de contenido, eligiendo-se tres categorías: diagnóstico, atención y tratamiento. Los niños y adolescentes demostraron sufrimiento psíquico relacionados al diagnóstico e internación hospitalaria, con vivencias de luto, sentimientos de desintegración y desprotección. También denotaron sufrimiento asociado a la restricción alimentaria y aplicación de la insulina. Continuidad del cuidado y disponibilidad de los miembros del equipo interprofesional de salud reflejaron positivamente sobre el sentimiento de seguridad tanto de los familiares como de los niños y adolescentes. Desde la perspectiva psicoanalítica, los aspectos emocionales observados en los núcleos familiares de niños y adolescentes con DM1 afectaron su condición de salud, interfiriendo en la aceptación, adhesión y en el control de la enfermedad.